Cum ii introduc formula?

ilse spune:

Eu atat va zic, nu mai e moda sa promovezi alaptatul, asa ca o sa va luati numai avertismente.

Nu mai bine stati voi in banca voastra si lasati aici sa scrie cine vrea sa-i spuna fetei despre laptele formula, voi daca aveti ceva de scris despre alaptat, vedeti ca a mai ramas doar o zona libera pe forum, se cheama alaptatul-help-line .

V-o spun prieteneste.


eu si 3 banditi: ilse, sven si thor

khrisu spune:

eu de vorba buna nu inteleg si gata... pana nu ma dau astia afara nu ma las...

de acord..nu mai e la moda. Pana nu demult OMS interzicea orice forma de promovare a alimentatiei artificiale la bebelusi (reclame, fotografii cu bebelusi pe cutie, etc). Gata a cazut faza ..deja au aparut reclamele la formula (milumil si nestle).

KHRISU mamik de baietel si fetita

iriss27 spune:

Nu ma ascund dupa nici un fel de formule, nu cred ca mai am lapte suficient, pt ca el se scoala de 2-3 ori noaptea si ma gandeam ca ar fi momentul oportun sa ii introduc formula.
Si in alta ordine de idei, nu ma vad alaptand un copil care alearga dupa mine si tipa prin magazin: "mami titi".
Ce ii mai poate oferi laptele meu dupa 2 sarcini, un alaptat de 8 luni (la primul copil) si acum inca un alaptat de aproape 8 luni?
In ian am racit cu totii, inclusiv el, deci nu i-am transmis prin lapte nimic.


Azi am avut dimineata succesul de 90 ml, dar cu vanilie (tot topfer)... seara, aceeasi combinatie a fost trecuta la capitolul kk.
Eu pur si simplu nu ma vad alaptand un copil care alearga prin casa, care alearga dupa mine si tipa prin magazine: titiii

Deci, incerc sa ii introduc formula, pentru ca treptat sa renunte la alaptat, mi se pare ca i-am oferit totul si il iubesc ca pe ochiii din cap, fiti pe pace, nu-s mama denaturata doar pt ca vreau sa ii dau lapte din bibe.


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khrisu spune:

Sa-ti spun faza..fii-mea de 6 luni a inceput sa se trezeasca de pe la 3 luni de 2-3-4 ori pe noapte. Pana la 3 luni dormea toata noaptea, dar era numai cu tzitzi in gura ziua..alaptam si la 10 minute. Acum papa cam la 2-3-4 ore si un pic de alint inainte sa adoarma. Numai ca ieri mi-a facut-o..a papat non stop 3 ore ziua..mi-a stors ambii sani cate 2 runde la rand. Nu mi-a trecut prin cap ca nu am lapte..se numeste PUSEU DE CRESTERE. se intampla de obicei cam pe la 6 saptamani, 3 luni, 6-7 luni etc....



Asta de unde ai scos-o?? Am dus 2 sarcini toxice la distanta de numai 1 an. Am alaptat 11 luni baiatul (ma rog..mai mult m-am muls decat a supt el efectiv la san..daca eram desteapta si intram pe forum sigur ma ajutau fetele si nu ajungeam in situatia aia) si alaptez exclusiv fata de 6 luni.

Iti spun din experienta cu baiatul.... tot asa credeam ca daca ii bag formula seara la culcare n-o sa se mai trezeasca..total gresit... acum are 2 ani si 2 luni si se trezeste de 2 ori pe noapte sa bea lapte desi ziua papa bine mancare..am incercat sa-i diluez laptele, sa-i dau ceai in loc de lapte (ce-i drept nu am insistat ) dar degeaba... Sper ca dupa ce ii ies si maselutele o sa se intaleze normalitatea... Eu iti urez succes..dar exista posibilitatea sa te trezesti in continuare noaptea de 2-3 ori sa-i prepari formula in loc sa alaptezi .



KHRISU mamik de baietel si fetita

iriss27 spune:

Eu zic ca mai bine trebuia sa zaci, sa fii terminata, eventual si cu o problema de inima grava ... dar sa continui alaptatul! Sa dormi pe strada, sa fii o persoana nervoasa, obosita.
Sper ca ai prins ironia ...

Eu personal sunt zombie si sincer, nu pricem de ce trebuie sa ma sacrific atat? Tatal meu a fost alaptat peste 2 ani, eu 9 luni, sotul meu deloc si tot avem aceeasi imunitate varza. So, la ce mi-a folosit alaptatul?

Eu personal sunt obosita moarta, sunt in urma cu somnul rau de tot, ma enervez foarte repede (oare asta ii trebuie copilului meu?), simt ca imi este somn in timp ce conduc (asta nu e mai periculos decat ca pruncul sa bea formula?).


Ce ii mai poate oferi laptele meu dupa 2 sarcini, un alaptat de 8 luni (la primul copil) si acum inca un alaptat de aproape 8 luni?
Asta nu era o intrebare retorica, eu chiar vreau sa stiu ce ii mai poate oferi, sa vad de ce il privez. Majoritatea articolelor sunt blabla ca sa alaptezi ca e sanatos, anticorpi, etc ... dar anticorpi pt ce?

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khrisu spune:

Mai iris chiar toate relele astea sunt din cauza alaptatului??? Tu crezi ca mamele care dau formula nu sunt la fel de obosite..eu zic ca-s mai obosite..dupa cum iti spuneam: am experienta biberonului si a alaptatului. E mult mai usor sa alaptezi!

Laptele isi pastreaza consistenta calorica, nutritiva, si dupa un an si dupa 2 ... se adapteaza continuu nevoilor copilului. OMS spune clar: un copil are nevoie de lapte matern cel putin 2 ani....

Breastfeeding should preferably continue beyond the first year of life, and in po****tions with high rates of infection continued breastfeeding throughout the second year and longer is likely to benefit the infant.

Infections
Breastfeeding protects infants from infections by two mechanisms. First, it
lowers or eliminates exposure to bacterial pathogens transmitted by contaminated
food and fluids. Second, human milk contains antimicrobial
factors and other substances (Table 39) that strengthen the immature immune
system and protect the digestive system of the newborn infant,
thereby conferring protection against infections, particularly those of the
gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts. Colostrum (milk produced in the
first few days after birth) is especially rich in protective proteins, and should
not be discarded.
The principal immunoproteins in human milk are secretory immunoglobulin
A and lactoferrin. The former acts at mucosal surfaces to protect them
from injury by ingested microbial antigens. The latter is an iron-binding
protein that competes with bacteria for iron, reducing bacterial viability
and thereby the risk of enteric infections, particularly those caused by
Escherichia coli and Staphylococus spp. These immunological factors are not
present in commercial infant formula or complementary foods. Formulafed
infants therefore enjoy less protection against infection. Human milk
also contains many other defence and trophic factors that may play a role in
the protection and maturation of the digestive tract.
134 chapter 7
There is abundant evidence that exclusive breastfeeding for around the first
6 months reduces both infant morbidity and mortality. These beneficial
effects are more pronounced where infection rates are greatest and hygiene
and sanitation are poor (9–12), although benefits have also been found
with respect to respiratory illness in industrialized countries (13,14). In
addition, infants tend to continue to accept breast-milk during episodes of
diarrhoea, whereas consumption of non-breast-milk foods and fluids may
Infant
• Reduced incidence and duration of diarrhoeal illnesses.
• Protection against respiratory infection.
• Reduced occurrence of otitis media and recurrent otitis media.
• Possible protection against neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis, bacteraemia,
meningitis, botulism and urinary tract infection.
• Possible reduced risk of auto-immune disease, such as diabetes mellitus type I
and inflammatory bowel disease.
• Possible reduced risk of sudden infant death syndrome.
• Reduced risk of developing cow’s milk allergy.
• Possible reduced risk of adiposity later in childhood.
• Improved visual acuity and psychomotor development, which may be caused by
polyunsaturated fatty acids in the milk, particularly docosahexaenoic acid.
• Higher IQ scores, which may be the result of factors present in milk or to greater
stimulation.
• Reduced malocclusion due to better jaw shape and development.
Mother
• Early initiation of breastfeeding after birth promotes maternal recovery from
childbirth; accelerates uterine involution and reduces the risk of
haemorrhaging, thereby reducing maternal mortality; and preserves maternal
haemoglobin stores through reduced blood loss, leading to improved iron
status.
• Prolonged period of postpartum infertility, leading to increased spacing
between successive pregnancies if no contraceptives are used.
• Possible accelerated weight loss and return to prepregnancy body weight.
• Reduced risk of premenopausal breast cancer.
• Possible reduced risk of ovarian cancer.
• Possible improved bone mineralization and thereby decreased risk of
postmenopausal hip fracture.
Source: adapted from Heinig & Dewey (6,7).
Table 38. Health advantages of breastfeeding for infants and mothers
breastfeeding and alternatives 135
Factor Function
Secretory immunoglobulin A Protects intestinal epithelium from
luminal antigens, and may actively
prime the neonate’s immune system
Lactoferrin Competes with bacteria for iron
Lysozyme Antibacterial enzyme: lyses cell walls
Bifidus factor Stimulates lactic acid bacteria, such as
bifidobacteria, in the colon
Macrophages Engulf bacteria
Lymphocytes Secrete immunoglobulins (B cells) and
lymphokines (T cells)
Protease inhibitors Inhibit digestion of bioactive proteins in
milk
Complement Assists in bacterial lysis
Interferon Antiviral agent
Oligosaccharides Inhibitors of bacterial adhesion to
epithelium
B12 and folate binding proteins Compete with bacteria for these vitamins
Anti-staphylococcus factor Lipid with anti-staphylococcal action
Anti-Giardia factor Lipid with anti-Giardia action
Trophic factors Accelerate gut development
Bile-salt-stimulated lipase Improves fat digestion in the neonate
Docosahexaenoic and arachidonic acids Constituents of cell membranes in brain
and neural tissue
Antioxidants Protect from free radical damage
Table 39. Some protective and other bioactive factors present in human milk
136 chapter 7
decrease. Breastfeeding therefore both diminishes the negative impact of
illness on nutritional status and provides a clean source of fluid to counter
dehydration.
The concentrations of anti-infective substances in breast-milk are sustained
beyond the first year of life and continue to offer significant protection
against infection thereafter. In addition, the production of immunoproteins
appears to be independent of women’s nutritional and socioeconomic status
(15). In a number of studies from countries with a high prevalence of
infection, infants that breastfeed into their second year have significantly
improved survival compared to those that have ceased breastfeeding
(9,16–18).
The evidence that breastfeeding protects against infectious disease is greatest
for diarrhoeal disease: formula-fed infants suffer a significantly higher
number of diarrhoeal episodes than infants who are breastfed. The risk of
necrotizing enterocolitis, a common gastrointestinal disease in neonatal
intensive care units, is also greater in formula-fed infants than in infants
receiving human milk, and the protective effects of breast-milk remain – at
a reduced level – even when infants are only partially breastfed (19).
There is strong evidence that breastfeeding also protects against lower respiratory
disease. In a recent study (20), breastfeeding was found to protect
young children against pneumonia, especially in the first months of life.
Formula-fed infants were 17 times more likely to be admitted to hospital
for pneumonia than breastfed infants. Furthermore, a number of studies
(21–24) have demonstrated a protective effect of breastfeeding against
otitis media. Breastfeeding may also be protective against bacteraemia and
meningitis (25–27), botulism (28) and urinary tract infection (29), although
the evidence is less strong.
Active stimulation of the immune system
Most of the protective effects of breastfeeding against infectious disease are
passive, that is, the immunoprotective factors in breast-milk protect the
mucosal surfaces of the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts and thereby
reduce the risk of infection. There is also evidence, however, that breastmilk
has an active influence on the infant’s immune system. At 4 months of
age, the thymus gland of breastfed infants is twice the size of that of
formula-fed infants (30). Furthermore, the response to certain vaccines is
better in breastfed than in formula-fed infants (31). There is also evidence
that the protective effect against infection lasts for years after breastfeeding
ceases. The factor in human milk responsible for the priming of the infant’s
breastfeeding and alternatives 137
own immune system is not known, but candidates are T and B lymphocytes,
anti-ideotypic antibodies, cytokines or growth factors (31).
Chronic disease
Studies investigating the impact of infant feeding on chronic illness are
limited by their retrospective design. An inverse relationship between
insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and breastfeeding duration
has been reported (32–34). IDDM is an autoimmune disease, and it is
possible that breastfeeding has a positive influence on the infant’s immune
system. Early exposure (< 4 months of age) to cow’s milk protein may also
act as a trigger for the early onset of IDDM (35–37). There is also some
evidence to suggest that breastfeeding may protect against Crohn’s disease,
ulcerative colitis (38) and childhood cancers (39), such as leukaemia (40).
Further investigations are needed to confirm these claims.
Adiposity
It has been argued that breastfeeding prevents adiposity later in childhood.
In a study from Germany (41) of more than 13 000 children, those that
had been breastfed longest were significantly less likely to be obese at 5–
6 years of age. Other studies have reported a similar effect.
Allergy
It has been hypothesized that breastfeeding protects against allergic disease
(42). First, human milk provides immunological factors that may protect
the infant from exposure and reaction to antigens. Second, breastfeeding
results in delayed exposure to many potentially allergenic substances present
in foods. Breastfeeding protects against the development of cow’s milk
allergy, but the question of whether it protects against other allergic diseases,
and whether protection against the symptoms of food allergy extends
beyond the period of exclusive breastfeeding, remains unresolved (43–45).
More studies are required to define the complex relationship between infant
feeding and atopic disease.
Sudden infant death syndrome
In several studies, lack of breastfeeding has been a significant risk factor for
sudden infant death syndrome, and has remained significant after controlling
for potentially confounding factors (46,47).

iti las mai jos originalul..uita-te la capitolul 7

www.euro.who.int/document/WS_115_2000FE.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.euro.who.int/document/WS_115_2000FE.pdf

KHRISU mamik de baietel si fetita

iriss27 spune:

merci, chiar am de studiat

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